Fragmentation theory focuses on interaction
among different institutions on the architecture of an institutional setting. Competition
among different national entities resulting in fragmentation reflects the
persistence of domestic power relations.
This situation is happening with climate
governance in Indonesia, which includes different cases from various
institutions and platforms. One such case is the biogas program as one of the
climate change mitigation strategies in the Nationally Appropriate Mitigation
Action. This climate governance involves NGOs, local and national governments,
businesses and international development organizations.
